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It would take some really giant steps to walk the entire length of the Pacific Ring of Fire and there’d be need to do a good bit of swimming, too, but it would be a journey along the earth’s most active area for volcanoes and earthquakes. The journey, almost 25,000 miles long, gets its name from the hundreds of volcanoes that line the route.

You could start in Antarctica and swim over to New Zealand, then take a couple of giant steps to the west to cross just north of Australia. From there, it’s just a short hop, skip, and a jump to Java, Sumatra, and Bali before turning north through Indonesia, the Philippines, Japan, Korea, China, and on to Russia.

From Russia, you’d need to follow the Kamchatka Peninsula east to the Bering Sea, which separates Russia from the United States. A quick swim east, across the icy Bering Sea, will get you to Alaska’s Aleutian Islands chain, where giant steps, one island per step, would take you to the Alaskan mainland before turning south along Canada’s Pacific Ocean coastline.

Keep walking south through the United States, where you’ll travel through Washington, Oregon, and California before arriving in Mexico. Don’t stop here, though. Keep going south, through Central America and into South America, where you’ll walk through Columbia, Ecuador, Chile, and Peru before needing to go for another swim.

This time, the swim will be once again through the scary cold waters off Antarctica, putting you right back where the journey began. Many of the volcanoes in Antarctica are buried under sheets of ice hundreds of feet thick but a few of them are so tall they can be seen above the ice.

At every step of this journey, the Pacific Ocean will be just over your right shoulder. It’s like walking along the entire shoreline of a lake, except it’s the very biggest ‘lake’ in the world, a lake ringed by fiery volcanoes.

Along the way, you’ll find 452 volcanoes. Some of them are still active and likely to erupt at any minute, spewing fire and melted rocks for miles and miles and miles in all directions, but some of them are dormant, meaning they will probably never erupt again. The Pacific Ring of Fire is the address for 75% of all volcanoes on planet Earth.

Where there are volcanoes, there are usually earthquakes, too. The Pacific Ring of Fire is where almost all the earthquakes (90% of them) happen. Of the biggest and most destructive earthquakes, 80% of them happen along the Pacific Ring of Fire.

So many earthquakes occur along the Pacific Ring of Fire that, no matter how many days it takes to make the complete circle, you’d find an earthquake every single day. Not all earthquakes are big enough to cause harm but they’re all earthquakes just the same.

Your 25,000-mile journey along the Pacific Ring of Fire is sure to be exciting and a lot of fun, too. Just be sure to wear some really good walking shoes. You’re going to need them.

Many people consider the Canadian flag to be one of the most easy to identify of all national flags used today. Its distinctive red and white colors, including the red maple leaf in its center, are the result of good design but it’s also the result of much heated debate.

A national flag is designed with a great deal of planning, as each part of it, including the colors, are meant to represent different aspects of the nation that flies it. Canada’s history was a strong influence on its flag’s design.

Canada is famous for its maple trees and the maple leaf has been used on flags flown over Canada for hundreds of years, although the flag we know today was not used officially until 1965. Nevertheless, the maple was important to the Native American tribes that lived there before European settlers began arriving and colonizing the nation.

France’s King Francis I declared Canada his new territory in 1534 but England’s Queen Elizabeth I claimed it as a British colony in 1583. The name, New France, was generally accepted but ownership was disputed for the next three hundred years. By the time the American Revolutionary War was over, England had legal claim to the French colonies in Canada.

In 1867, England’s Queen Victoria declared Canada a kingdom of its own right although it still relied on the British Empire for military protection and much of its legislature. During this time, the Union Jack, official flag of Great Britain, was flown to represent Canada.

In the 20th century, conflict arose over the official flag of Canada. Many flags, most of them with a maple leaf on them, were flown for various occasions but the official Canadian flag, used throughout the world, remained the British Union Jack.

Some countries around the world had established peaceful and productive relationships with Canada but were experiencing trouble with Great Britain. The British issues led some countries to deny Canada its right to fly its flag at official ceremonies in these countries, even when Great Britain was not participating, since the Canadian flag and the British flag were one and the same.

Canada’s prime minister, Lester B. Pearson, appointed a committee in 1964 to resolve the issue of an official Canadian flag. Many Canadians at that time felt intense loyalty to France but others were loyal to the British monarchy and still others felt the flag should represent a unique Canada and not its once-sovereign nations. Others felt its Native American heritage should be represented. Each group wanted its loyalties represented in the official flag of Canada.

The committee presented three choices and the current flag was chosen to represent Canada as its official flag. The first time the flag was flown to officially represent Canada was February 15, 1965. Since that day, February 15 is celebrated each year as National Flag of Canada Day.

The Canadian flag’s colors were based on a proclamation by British King George V in 1921, when he designated red, from Saint George’s Cross, and white, which represents France’s King Charles VII, to be Canada’s official colors. The design, two red fields bordering one larger white one with a red maple leaf in its center, is said to represent neither France nor Great Britain but is a symbol of national unity representing all Canadian citizens regardless of opinion, belief, race, or language.

Many people have said the points on the leaf tips of the maple leaf represent Canadian provinces but this particular design is more practical than symbolic. Various designs were tested in a wind tunnel, to determine how easy it would be to recognize the new Canadian flag in high winds, and the design we see today on the Canadian flag is the design that won that contest.

Kids in Hiroshima live in one of the most famous cities in all Japan. In fact, Hiroshima is one of the most famous cities in all the world.

Hiroshima, which is almost 500 years old, is the capital city of Hiroshima Prefecture. A Japanese prefecture is very similar to a state in the United States.

Japan is made up of hundreds of islands, many of them quite small. The city of Hiroshima is near the southern tip of the largest of all the nation’s islands and the big island itself is called Japan.

In the 1940s, during World War II, Hiroshima was a very important port city to Japan and it was where Japanese army and marine headquarters were located. The military bases held large stores of arms, ammunition, and other supplies the Japanese soldiers needed and the city’s port made it possible to ship these supplies out quickly and easily.

The US military and its allies were at war against Japan and conducted air raids that dropped bombs on many cities in Japan, including Tokyo, which is the national capital city. The US military also wanted to destroy Hiroshima, since it was so important to Japan’s military forces, but they didn’t drop an ordinary bomb there.

Instead, the bomb that was dropped on Hiroshima on August 6, 1945, a Monday morning, was the first atomic bomb ever used in the world. This nuclear bomb was named Little Boy and an airplane named the Enola Gay dropped it. The plane’s pilot named his airplane after his mother.

Nuclear bombs are more devastating than all others and many, many Japanese people were killed and injured when Little Boy exploded over Hiroshima. Almost all the buildings in the city were destroyed, too.

Because it was more destructive than anything ever seen before, the bombing in Hiroshima gave the Japanese military leaders reason to surrender, a move that helped end World War II.

Today, Hiroshima has become one of the most modern and peaceful cities in the world and is home to more than a million people. Shortly after World War II, in 1949, Hiroshima’s mayor named it a City of Peace and the Japanese government supported his proclamation.

As an official City of Peace, Hiroshima has become famous as an important location for world leaders to meet to discuss peace and other social issues that affect the everyday lives of kids and their parents everywhere.